Format specifiers in C with a note on data types.

With the printf() function, we use the following;

%d - integer variable.
%c - character.
%f - for float variable.
%s - for string variable.
%lf - for double.
%x - for hexadecimal.
\n - gives us a newline.

An example of use can be seen below;

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int i = 5;
    float f = 9.8;
    
    printf("Here we have an integer: %d",i);
    printf("\n");
    printf("and here we have a float: %f",f);
    return 0;
}


Another example, this time reading input with scanf can be found here

Some notes on datatypes

Source: https://www.studytonight.com/c/datatype-in-c.php/

Additionally;

%c Character - char, unsigned char
%d Signed Integer - short, unsigned short, int, long
%e or %E Scientific notation of float values - float, double
%f Floating point - float
%g or %G Similar as %e or %E - float, double
%hi Signed Integer(Short) - short
%hu Unsigned Integer(Short) - unsigned short
%i Signed Integer - short, unsigned short, int, long
%l or %ld or %li Signed Integer - long
%lf Floating point - double
%Lf Floating point - long double
%lu Unsigned integer - unsigned int, unsigned long
%lli, %lld Signed Integer long, long
%llu Unsigned Integer - unsigned long long
%o Octal representation of Integer - short, unsigned short, int, unsigned int, long
%p Address of pointer to void void * - void *
%s String - char *
%u Unsigned Integer - unsigned int, unsigned long
%x or %X Hexadecimal representation of Unsigned Integer - short, unsigned short, int, unsigned int, long
%n Prints nothing
%% Prints % character

Source: https://alvinalexander.com/programming/printf-format-cheat-sheet/